Japanese Research

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Modern Significance of Philosophy of Nothingness

EIKO Hanaoka

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (1): 1-7. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.01.001

Abstract （767）

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At the end of 19th century, Nietzsche foretold the arrival of nihilism and “God is dead” of Christian in the late 200 years. Now the modern world presents apocalyptic chaos in every field, just as Nietzsche predicted. This article will analyze the root that leads to the disorder from the perspective of philosophy and religion, and explore the inevitability of the emergence and historical significance of the philosophy of " absolute nothingness ",“oriental nothingness” ,and “emptiness” put forward by Kitaro Nishida, Shin'ichi Hisamatsu, and Keiji Nishitani respectively.

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Instigation of Russo-Japanese War Constituted by leader of Black Dragon Society,Uchida Ryoei

SHAO Jian-guo,JIANG Ying

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (1): 8-16. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.01.002

Abstract （807）

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Before the Russo-Japanese War,the leader of Black Dragon Society, Uchida Ryohei put forward war instigation.it demonstrated strongly that the governmental diplomatic polices were affected by mainland Ronin. Uchida Ryohei' war instigation could be divided into four stages.In the first stage (1897-1901),Uchida Ryohei sneaked into Russia four times,with the sense of crisis on the Russia's invasion and the insight into Russia's domestic conflicts,Uchida Ryohei advocated strongly to declare the war,which opened the prelude of the Japanese continental Ronin's instigation.In the second stage (1902),in consideration of the international situation,Uchida Ryohei and his Black Dragon Society took both appeasement policy and war preparation to Russia.In the third stage (1903-1904),because of Russia's failure in keeping its promise of withdrawal from northeast China, Uchida Ryohei got tough with Russia once again and recommended his war plan to the military headquarters,but failed.Then,he began to instigate the public opinion for the war on one hand,and on the other hand,he cooperated with the government,relaxed and guided the public opinions during the period of negotiation of Russo-Japanese War.In the fourth stage (1905),the Portsmouth Peace Talks were held,and Uchida started to split up with other hard liners toward Russia and tended to assistant government's Peace Policy.

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The Evolution of Polity Theory in Modern Japanese Constitution

ZHANG Dong

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (1): 17-25. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.01.003

Abstract （755）

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Modern Japanese polity theory including the thought of the kingdom of god,emperor-respected theory and moral principles is closely related to constitutional interpretation.In the main constitutional interpretations during Meiji,Taisho and Showa periods,the works on constitution evolved from the pure legal imperial sovereignty to its unique national characters of royal dignity,patriotic loyalty and loving countries.The political theology and moral principles continuously invaded the secular power system.The Emperor of Japan possesses the lasting and changeless sovereignty with the Japanese nationality while the national subjectivity was digested gradually.In interaction with constitutional interpretation,the works on constitution became the key property for fascism finally.

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Features of Japanese Geographic Names’Culture

CAI Feng-lin

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (1): 26-35. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.01.004

Abstract （779）

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Geographic names are the cultural symbols marking certain places.They contain abundant historical,geographical and humane information,which form a unique culture used to identify,give name and communicate.In most cases,the places in a national region are named by its natives in their own language,which reflects the cultural traits of a nation,including its psychological state,manners and customs.Hence,geographic names usually bear the hallmark of the culture originated in a region.However,the signs of geographic names in Japan are given with the borrowing of Chinese characters or Chinese geographical names,which are imbued with the flavor of the Chinese characters’ culture.It is Chinese characters that contributed to the Geographic names’ culture of Japan.If Chinese characters had not been introduced into Japan,its rich and colorful geographic names’ culture would not have been established.

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Japanese Social Transformation and Evolution of Teenagers’Hikikomori

SHI Yan-rong

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (1): 36-46. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.01.005

Abstract （624）

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The phenomenon of “hikikomori” is a social pathological phenomenon in the process of modernization,a passive state with the loss of social behavior and selfreclusion.During the sharp transformation in Japanese modern society,the hikikomori experienced from germ,an increasingly common phenomenon to a social problem.The teenagers’ hikikomori appeared in the 1970s when Japan has turned into an affluent society after the highspeed development of economy.And in the 1980s,it became increasingly common,because that mass consumption society approached and the problem of “nor school attendance” was highlighted.In the 1990s,Japan’s bubble economy collapsed and a pluralistic era of transformation formed,so the phenomenon of teenagers’ hikikomori gradually evolved into an obvious social problem.Since the 21st century,with the appearance of “social inequality” and the deepened trend of fewer children and more elders,more and more serious hikikomori has developed into a remarkable problem influencing Japan’s future development.

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Japan's Minamata Disease Events and Environmental Protest ——Based on Political Opportunity Structure Theory

YUAN Qian

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (1): 47-56. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.01.006

Abstract （811）

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Under the background of frequent mass environmental incidents in contemporary China,the investigation of Japanese environmental protests in 20th century not only provides a reference for the current Chinese environmental governance,but also contributes to the theoretical development of social movement studies.Based on Japan's Minamata Disease protests occurred from 1950s to 1970s,this article explores how the political opportunity structures changes affect the environmental protests.By collecting the literature and implementing field research on Minamata disease protests,we divide the process of Minamata disease protests into three phases,"pre-protests" phase (1956-1959),"political opportunity structure expansion" phase (1960-1968),and "development of protests" phase (1969-1973).Why did the protests of Minamata disease evolve from scattered local riots to disappearance,then rose gradually and affected the whole country in the late 1960s? One of the most important mechanisms was the expansion of political opportunity structures in 1960s.The Expansion of political opportunity structures prompted the development of Minamata disease protests through four aspects,which are the expansion of protest organizations scale,the rise of protests issues,the acceleration of internal division of bureaucracy system,and the reinforcement of importance of environmental dialectic.

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Militarism Literature and Political Discourse of Ogasawara Naganari as the God's Creator of Japanese Army

YANG Kai

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (1): 57-70. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.01.007

Abstract （816）

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The article analyzes Ogasawara Naganari's social role,especially his militaristic political scholars attribute with military and royal background.Ogasawara Naganar made a delicate structure of the militaristic literature world with his years of writing skills.Through analyzing its structure and system,we can see the kernel and contradictions of such militaristic scholars' political thinking.By reading deeply the relevant content concerning the thought on humanity,belief,power and war,we can realize the mental struggle of a militaristic scholar under the great pressure of militarism politics in spite that Ogasawara Naganar is known for creating the myth of Japanese army having the courage to die.

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Functions of Honorific Terms in Showing Speakers' Taste in Japanese——Case Study of Dialogues in Japanese Dramas

CUI Ya-lei

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (1): 71-80. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.01.008

Abstract （621）

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In Japanese,the honorific terms are considered as a way to show respect for others.The Use of honorific terms can help indicate positions and relationships among both parties involved in communication and reflect solemnity of the occasion as well.There have been a large number of studies on the functions of honorific terms nowadays.However,besides the aforementioned functions,they are also used to represent the speakers' taste.Based on the previous studies concerning the subject,the paper made case study of the dialogues in recent Japanese dramas.By observing and analyzing how honorific terms are used by speakers of different capacities,the paper found that honorifics did play an important role in showing the speakers' good tastes and manners or indicating their high social position and status.

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Reform of Consumption Tax Hike in Japan Effects and Reference

LI Meng juan

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (2): 1-10. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.02.001

Abstract （734）

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The reform of Japanese consumption tax hike refers to the reconstitution and adjustment of taxation system structure in which direct tax remains dominant. In the short term，consumption tax hike can be conducive to stabilize fiscal revenue，reduce the risk of debt accumulation，supply social security funding and promote inter general burden balance. Meanwhile，consumption tax hike can also increase the burden for people with medium and low income，influence choices of consumption behaviors，curb economic growth，exacerbate economic fluctuations，and deteriorate the social welfare of the medium and low income groups. Consumption tax hike can not fundamentally resolve the fiscal and social security risks of Japan. China should learn experiences of Japan’s social securities，pay more attention to the impact of finance and the social security system. Chinese Government should make up the funding gap of social security as soon as possible to prevent the payment risks of Social Security.

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Long term Economic Recession

LIANG Jun，ZHAO Qing

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (2): 11-21. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.02.002

Abstract （705）

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Since the beginning of 1990s，Japanese economy has stuck in a recession，therefore the analysis of underlying causes of this long term economic recession in Japan has become a hot spot for research of the academia. Empirical analysis shows that，total factor productivity of Japan in 1990s，compared with that in 1980s，displays a descending trend. The descending of Japan’s total factor productivity attributes to the decline of microscopic production efficiency and factors allocation efficiency. The main reason of declining microscopic production efficiency is the sluggish technological progress which is caused by shortage of independent innovation capability and shrinking international market shares. It’s difficult to transform the factors from low efficient industry and enterprises to high efficient ones which is resulted by the retardation of structural adjustment，therefore factors allocation efficiency drops. Japan’s total factor productivity impacts restrictions on the growth of potential output，and the output gap is produced by the lack of demand，both of which leads to the long term economic recession in Japan. Under the background of promoting management in supply side in China，we should probe into Japan’s total factor productivity fluctuation，its causes and impacts on Japanese economy. It is of practical significance for the healthy and sustainable development of Chinese economy which is stepping into a new normal.

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—Case Study of Honda Toshiaki

LI Fan，CHENG Hao

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (2): 22-28. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.02.003

Abstract （771）

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In the late 18th century，after Japanese scholars of Rangaku and political economists learned about the negotiation activities between Japan and Russia，they took this as a start and developed a wholly new set of political economy（Keiseiron）theory with modern national awareness，such as frontier region exploration，foreign trade and coast defense reorganization. Toshiaki was not only one of the outstanding persons but also the first political economist who promoted a whole set of economic theory in the late stage of Tokugawa. His theory covered politics，economy，military affairs，society，mathematics and many other subjects. Based on the analysis of the relationship between the Russo Japanese negotiations during Russia went southward in the late 18th century and foreign ideological transition of Japanese intellectuals as well as the formation and development of Toshiaki’s ideology，this article tries to further discuss the fundamental reason of Japanese intellectuals’ foreign ideological transition. Then we can have a profound understanding about the development of Japanese modern ideology in the late stage of Tokugawa.

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Japanese Identity System in the Early Modern Japan

ZHENG Pi chu

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (2): 29-39. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.02.004

Abstract （542）

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In the early modern Japan，the fundamental purpose of the Japanese identity system，which was founded forcibly through politics，was to guarantee the benefits of samurai，lord and Tokugawa Bakufu. But the development of commodity economy resulted in the pauperization of samurai and the rise of wealthy farmers and merchants. This reversal of the economic strength led to the wavering of the Japanese identity system in the early modern Japan. And the priority of samurai could hardly be guaranteed due to the lack of the support of economy. Meanwhile，the lower level warriors gradually became consistent with the wealthy farmers and merchants in the economic interests and the ideology，so they made an alliance with the wealthy farmers and merchants under the historical background of the national crisis in the late Edo Period，which eventually became the important strength to overthrow Tokugawa Bakufu.

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Enterprises and Its Enlightenment

LI Zhong，QI Ting ting，LI Tong

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (2): 40-47. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.02.005

Abstract （801）

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Japanese entrepreneurs think highly of the education，and Konosuke Matsushita is one of the representatives. In his mind，the enterprises are educational institutions firstly，then the places for production and management. He advocated to cultivate human beings’ “talents” on the basis of emphasizing “human”. He thought that the theoretical knowledge should be acquired while focusing on the experiential and introspective knowledge. Education，practice and reflection should be valued at the same time. According to this education ideology，Konosuke Matsushita analyzed and passed judgment on Japanese issues such as “abandoned education” and “credential society”. The analyses and judgments are helpful to China’s education reform which stays in a chasing period.

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Value of Thousand Character Classic as Teaching Materials in Chinese teaching history in Japan

LIU Hai yan

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (2): 48-55. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.02.006

Abstract （822）

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Thousand Character Classic is an initiation of teaching materials for Chinese,which spread to Japan with Four Books and Five Classics through North Korea as early as the third century.In Japan,from the early royal Chinese learning to the Terakoya’s teaching in the Edo period,Thousand Character Classic has always been regarded as the simplified version of textbooks of Confucianism and Sinology education such as the Four Books and Five Classics.At the same time,it was a practical version of textbooks in teaching Chinese characters and Chinese.Firstly,the paper clarified the historical origin and unique characteristics of Chinese teaching and identified the status of Thousand Character Classic in the history of Chinese teaching in Japan.Secondly,the paper stated that Thousand Character Classic had a template role of textbook besides giving descriptions of exclusive rules of Chinese characters and Chinese teaching.Finally,the paper stated that Thousand Character Classic had played a significant role in the communication of Chinese in the history,and it inspired nowadays’ Chinese teaching.

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ōba Yōzō’s Sense of Distrust from the Perspective of Interpersonal Relationships in Ningen Shikkaku

XIE Li ye, LIU Jie

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (2): 56-62. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.02.007

Abstract （1491）

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Ningen Shikkaku is one of the representative masterpieces of Osamu Dazai, who is a world renowned Japanese writer.It narrates the life experience of the main character named ōba Yōzō’s in three different phases childhood,adolescence and adulthood.With an exquisite psychological description,the picture of how he gradually lost his qualification as a human being and finally ended up in self destruction was drawn.Based on some theoretical studies on mutual trust in psychology and an in depth analysis on the relations between three different groups of people(i.e.:the relations between ōba Yōzō and his father,his companion Masao Horiki and his wife Yoshiko respectively),this paper intends to disclose the fact that ōba Yōzō’s “fear towards other human beings” originates, in nature,from his distrust towards interpersonal relations.This paper also aims to raise the readers’awareness on the realistic meaning of how we should live as human beings.

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Buddhism Objectives in Green Scarf

ZHANG Zhen

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (2): 63-72. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.02.008

Abstract （1003）

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The tale of mystery story Green Scarf contains abundant cultural and religious significances.The theme of “green scarf” and “gain enlightens and be free” has a definite lineage with Buddha culture that was the integrative embodiment of Chinese and Japanese folk tales,civic culture and Buddhism in the era of Edo period.Through the further reflection to the view of the conflicts between Buddhism and lust,Zen and Tantra,based on answering the three questions of Professor Ootani Masao,the paper thinks the novel takes “Buddha and demon unities” as the core,and Buddhist narrative as fundamental objective in order to teach people to get rid of the desire,language persistent and law enforcement.

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Study on Evolution Approaches to Language Policy in Japan

HAN Tao

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (2): 73-80. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.02.009

Abstract （1084）

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Japan is one of few countries in the world that is homogeneous ethnically,racially and linguistically.However,more than one hundred years ago,the Japanese archipelago under the Bakuhan system was composed of 68 states with different (spoken) languages.The evolution of language policy in Japan over the past 100 years is worth investigating and contemplating.In this study,the evolution of Japanese language policy during this period was explored in terms of the emergence and establishment of its “National Language”,the promotion and popularization of National Language (standard language),the reform in National Language after World War Ⅱ and internationalization of the Japanese language.The study facilitates our understanding of the changes in Japanese society,language and culture and enlightens us with historical insights.

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Study on Japan’s National Ocean Strategy and Change of Arctic Geopolitical Structure

LI Zhen fu，HE Hong yi

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (3): 1-11. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.03.001

Abstract （696）

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Japan’s National Ocean Strategy has gone through an expanding shrinking re expanding development phase. In view of the resources, environment, strategic and economic value in Arctic area, Japanese government has positively participated in Arctic affairs and pursued the Arctic benefits under the frame of national ocean strategy. The strong intervention towards Arctic affairs made by Japanese government may cause a significant change in Arctic Geopolitical Structure. This paper analyzes the development process and the future trend of the Japanese national ocean strategy, and draws a conclusion that the Japanese national ocean strategy is mainly influenced by the nation identification of Japan (to be a marine nation or continental nation), the geopolitical pattern of East Asia, and the marine super power US. This paper also reflects that the Japanese national ocean strategy will show a tendency of expansion in the future. Then, this paper analyzes how Arctic geopolitical structure will influence Japan's national ocean strategy and the trend of the changes of Japan’s national ocean strategy in the future, puts forward that Japan will restrict China in developing Arctic engagement strategy, having better diplomatic relations with Russia and enhancing its military force. Finally, studying the change of the Arctic Geopolitical Structure should be based on the standing points of China, US, Russia, Japan.

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Measurement and Influencing Factors of Export Structure of China and Japan—Based on the Export Complexity

ZHANG Xiao lei， WEI Jing fu

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (3): 12-19. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.03.002

Abstract （598）

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Based on export complexity index, this paper compares the export structure of manufacturing products between China and Japan from the aspects of product, industry and country by using 3 digit trade data of Standard International Trade Classification from 1995 to 2014, and analyses the influencing factors of export complexity through ridge regression. The findings show that China’s exports focus on low and medium complexity products while Japan’s on medium and high complexity products in terms of products structure, that human capital, research and development expenditure have obvious significance on both countries while the population size has no obvious effects upon the two countries in terms of influencing factors, and that FDI and improvement trade have significant positive impacts on China, while per capita GDP has prominent and positive impacts upon Japan.

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Mizoguchi Kozo’s Comparison betweenChinese and Japanese Ideological Concepts

REN Li

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (3): 20-27. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.03.003

Abstract （634）

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Chinese thoughts and cultures have spread from Korean Peninsula into Japan, and been presented in new form safter assimilation and transformation by Japanese nation. In the field of comparative study on thoughts between Chinese and Japanese,Japanese scholar Mizoguchi Kozo took conceptual comparison as the hitting point, combined objective historical facts of culture and history in these two countries, utilized diversified research methods like literature,etymology and social survey, so as to conductcomparison on the concepts such as “Tian”,“Gong Si”,“Li” and “Xin” within the philosophical thoughts of Chinese and Japanese.Through comparison, he explored different interpretations of Chinese and Japanese ideological concepts in cultural context. On this basis, he attempted to reestablish the cultural cognition of Chinese and Japanese cultures. Meanwhile, he provided a new idea on interdisciplinary cultural comparative study.

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Study on Movement of Returning Captive Labors’ Remains in Japanese Folk in Early Postwar

PAN De chang, LIU Pei

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (3): 28-39. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.03.004

Abstract （573）

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In Early Postwar, in order to urge the Japanese government to return captive labors’ remains, Executive Committee of Mourning Chinese Prisoner Victims that was composed of 14 Japanese non governmental organizationscarried out investigations, held memorial activities and negotiated with the government. As a result, some of thecaptive labors’ remains were returned. Compared with thesenon governmental organizations,the Japanese government adopted perfunctory attitudes of “non recognition”, “inaction” and “anarchism”. The movement of returning captive labors’ remains have made positive effects on China Japan relationship normalization. Because of the special international situation and China Japan relationship in early postwar,returning captive labors’ remains gradually became a remnant of war problem.

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Derelopment of JapanEurope Trade and Global Seafaring in the 16th and 17th Century

ZHANG Lan xing

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (3): 40-48. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.03.005

Abstract （787）

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In the 16th 17th century, European ships sailed around the world, and European merchants did their business all over the world. The European got the lessons of navigation between east and west besides exchanging all categories of commodities and gaining a large amount of befenits.The seafaring between East and West,map production,and nautical technology were advanced by communication between the two sides.The world trade circle and global navigation line began to take shape.

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Study on the Kenseito Cabinet of Modern Japan

CHEN Wei

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (3): 49-56. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.03.006

Abstract （619）

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The Kenseito Cabinet is the beginning of an important stage in the political history of modern Japan, which marked the end of the long termgovernmental model of Satsuma and Choshu Hanbatsu’spresidency rotation. As the first party cabinet of modern Japan, hunting office holder, having internal strife and compromising to Hanbatsuo ccurred during Kenseito cabinet period. The Kenseito cabinet was set up on recommendation of the elder statesman Itō Hirobumi who was are presentative of enlightened force in Hanbatsu. The other elder statesmen leaded by Yamagata Aritomo had to agree with Kenseito to form a cabinet on the surface, because it was difficult for Hanbatsu govement to control the regime. Therefore, the Kenseito cabinet was constrained by elder statesman, bureaucrats, Kizokuyin and Gunbu, among which Yamagata Aritomo was a representative man. There were internal disputes in Kenseito, all of which leaded to division of the Kensei to and collapse of Kenseito cabinet.

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The Effect of Population Aging with Fewer Children to Japan’s Economy and its Enlightenment to China—Based on the Angle of Labor Supply

WU Xue, ZHOU Xiao wei

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (3): 57-66. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.03.007

Abstract （793）

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The growing problem of population aging with fewer children affects Japan’s economy, especially its labor market. At present, the issues of undersupplied labor, aging,and increasing unemployment rate of the young are getting obvious. Undersupplied labor problem can be helped by the increase of female and international labors, but not solved fundamentally. The Japanese government has been always thinking highly of the problems caused by population aging with fewer children, and taking measures actively to boost economic growth. Under the same circumstances as Japan, in order to avoid similar problem of labor supply, China should take several measures such as boosting economic growth, implementing second child policy, improving social security system and developing industry for the elderly.

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On the Inheritance of Japanese Cultural Resources and the Route of Overseas Transmission

CHENG Yong ming

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (3): 67-74. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.03.008

Abstract （851）

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The sources of Japanese cultural resources were complex, but on the basis of selective absorption, mutual integration and grafting development, it had been turned into the culture with Japanese characteristics. Ritualization, ritual spiritualization and aestheticism focused on direct results are three common characteristics of Japanese culture and the main reasons why Japanese culture can be easily accepted by common people and continuously passed down. Only after the implementation of the internal cultural heritage, accumulation of the abundant cultural resources, it will have the possibility of external cultural communication. In the process of Japanese culture resources’ overseas communication, its path is “spread-feedback-rethink-improve-spread” which represents a “spiral” mode of overseas dissemination.

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Dual Alienation between Real and Surreal World under Mutual Projection—Kobo Abe’s Novel The Woman in the Dunes

LIU Yan

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (3): 75-80. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.03.009

Abstract （677）

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Kobo Abe is the representative Japanese writer of modernistic literature after World War II. He skillfully applied the techniques and themes of modernistic literature to Japan’s soil and reality. The Woman in the Dunes, Kobo Abe’s masterpiece, integrated surrealism techniques and existential theme into one, showed the similar real and surreal worlds with the symbol of “Mobius strip”, and revealed the absurd human alienation and existence under the mutual projection of the two worlds to seek the significance of human existence.

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Analysison Current Situation and Characteristics of Japan’s E-commerce Development

HU Fang, CAO Qing

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (4): 1-10. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.04.001

Abstract （1804）

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As the third largest market in the world, the development of Japan’s ecommerce started late but with high speed and maturity. Its development status and trend is of significance for the world market, especially for the neighboring Chinese market. The paper summarizes the current situation of Japan’s ecommerce development, analyzes its development characteristics and influence factors, finally summarizes its development experience and lessons. This paper makes the readers have a better understanding on the development of Japan’s ecommerce and get some references for China’s ecommerce development.

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tudy on Comparison of Service Trade Competitiveness between

GUO Jian-quan, PAN Qi-qi

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (4): 11-18. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.04.002

Abstract （649）

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Based on the time serial data from 2000 to 2014, the paper analyzed the competitiveness of service trade between China and Japan with the Net Export Revealed Comparative Advantage Index, and studied the influence factors on competitiveness of service trade between China and Japan with the PLS model. Results showed that there were many similarities in total quantity and structure, but notable differences in its competitiveness and its influence factors in China and Japan. The overall competitiveness of service trade in Japan was better than that in China. Therefore, it’s important for China’s service trade to draw lessons from the development strategy of Japan’s service trade.

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Exploration and Construction of New Diplomacy Model of Post-war Japan——Normal Forms of Visiting USA of Japanese “Tenno’s Diplomacy”

ZHANG Min

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (4): 19-26. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.04.003

Abstract （782）

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After the World War II, Japan suffered huge changing at many aspects, including politics, economics and social structure. As a part of political system, Japanese diplomacy also changed a lot. Before the WWⅡ, the Tenno had never been out of Japan and taken part in the diplomatic activities. However, after Tenno Showa’s visiting USA, the “Tenno’s Diplomacy” became a vital link and began to play an important role in the postwar diplomacy system in Japan, which improved the allround exchange and connection between Japan and other nations in the fields of politics, government, economics and civil communication, and shaped a stable normal form gradually. We should be alert to the “Tenno’s Diplomacy” during the postwar period as it was disguised strongly.

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Review of Japanese Academic Circles’Study on Anti-Japanese

ZHANG Xiao-gang, ZOU Sheng-ying, WENG Sheng-qiang

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (4): 27-34. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.04.004

Abstract （510）

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The establishment, development, military action and influence of the AntiiJapanese Amalgamated Army of the Northeast has been one of the important subjects in China’s academic circles for a long term. At the same time, this subject is also the research object of the academic circles in Japan, and the relevant research results are also rather abundant. Japanese scholars focus on this study from three aspects, the first is the organizational system and activities, the second is the impact of activities on the policy of the colonial authorities, and the third is the relation between the “mounted brigands”, “mainland ronin” and the AntiiJapanese Amalgamated Army of the Northeast. There are many differences between the Japanese scholars and domestic scholars in the way of getting historical materials and research ideas and other aspects, the viewpoint and the conclusion also need to be questioned, but the related academic research in Japan is like “the stone in other mountains”, and is worth using for reference in many aspects on the basis of criticism.

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Government Roles in Evolution of Financial Tax Unification System of Japan during War-time

YAN Hao1，DU Xiaojun2，LEI Ming3

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (4): 35-42. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.04.005

Abstract （611）

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The financial tax unification system is a special system adapted to the aggressive war by Japan during the invasion to China and Pacific war. Before the Mukden Incident, in spite of the existence of dual subject construction, the financial and tax system of Japan mainly followed the classical balance financial ideology. After the Mukden Incident, the financial system of Takahasi Administration began to reduce the government roles and the military forces interfered with the financial tax unification system powerfully. The evolutional route made the reliable effects to the postwar financial and tax system and the development of economy.

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Chinese Education for Japanese in Kantoushu——Centered on School Education

LI Yan-Kun

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (4): 43-48. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.04.006

Abstract （1103）

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After the victory of JapaneseRusso war, Japan took place all of Russia’s rights and interests in the northeast of China and began their colonial rule over this area. In order to consolidate the position as colonial rulers and change Kantoushu into the base for external aggression, the Japanese authorities established very comprehensive colonial institutions which were responsible for the education from primary to higher levels. Furthermore, for the purposes of invasion and colonial ruling of Chinese people, the authorities issued a series of systems of Chinese education and policies encouraging Chinese learning, and implemented Chinese courses in all schools in order to communicate with the the colonized people without translators and rule them. The paper analyzed the real purpose and significance of Chinese education to Japanese by the colonist authorities, and disclosed Japan’s wild ambition of imperialists to occupy the northeast of China permanently.

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Japan’s Foreign Aid for Higher Education

PENG Wen-ping

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (4): 49-57. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.04.007

Abstract （483）

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Based on the historic experience of making nation powerful in education, Japan has been always emphasizing the foreign aid and provided a large number of foreign aid of higher education by accepting foreign students, implementing technical cooperation, providing free assistance and yen loans. As environment of higher education in developing countries has changed, all levels of education required comprehensive development, the rise of knowledge economy called for talents of science, and higher education management and regional cooperation needed aids. Therefore, Japan’s foreign aid policy coordinated comprehensively the relationship between higher education and other levels of education, focused on the role of priority of science and the importance of management assistance, and emphasized the regional cooperation of the higher education of developing countries. The higher education aid of Japan characterized recipient countries’ real need as the logical starting point, the rise of knowledge economy as the background and software aid as the main content. The essence of Japan’s aid is to serve its national political strategy and construction of national soft power.

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Living Situations and Countermeaures of Hikikomoris’Families in Japan——Analysis Based on “Surveys of HikikomoriSituation of KHJ Oyanokai”

SHI Yan-rong

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (4): 58-64. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.04.008

Abstract （732）

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All kinds of existing surveys showed that most hikikomoris lived with their parents as well as other family members, and became the dependent parasites economically without any income. The family is not only a breeding ground for teenagers’ hikikomoris, but also a root making it persistent. As the hikikomori time prolonged, hikikomoris and their parents grew older, the hikikomoris suffered the strong spiritual stress and economic burden. Their living situations deserved worrying. In terms of the intimate relationship between the problem of hikikomori and the family, and the hikikomoris’ resistance against aids, the problem should be dealt with the family firstly. As the only nongovernment national organization to help hikikomoris and their families, the core aid countermeasures of KHJ is to organize oyanokais. It aims to enlighten the hikikomoris’ parents to face the problems directly, stop reprimanding their children, ease the tensions in the family so that the hikikomoris may go out of their houses and receive aids from relevant organizations.

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Study on Ninja Thoughts in Mobile Fighter G Gundam

ZHOU Yun

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (4): 65-71. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.04.009

Abstract （613）

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As important intelligencegathering personnel, Ninja worked secretly but actively in Japanese Warring States. The mystical image and skillful Ninjutsu of Ninja represented the unique culture of this minority group which was different from traditional culture, and became a new cultural symbol in Japanese culturenurtured country period. Through the research on the typical animation work Mobile Fighter G Gundam, it is found that Ninja is supported spiritually by disguise, tolerance, purity, abandon and other unique moral thoughts. Therefore, Mobile Fighter G Gundam not only shows the unique narrative method centered on historical complex which was presented in Gundam’s works, but also promotes the development of Japan’s animation in its diversity types. It also reveals the image of modern Ninja. The integration between traditional Japan culture and postmodern elements can be seen from another perspective.

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Study on References in Genji Monogatari Translated by Feng Zikai

XU Ying-chun

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (4): 72-80. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.04.010

Abstract （698）

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Genji Monogatari translated by Feng Zikai (1898-1975) was published between 1980 and 1983, which exerted a deep influence in China. However, in academic circles of China and Japan, what references Feng Zikai employed in translating Genji Monogatari remains to be settled. Making footnotes of Feng Zikai’s translation of Genji Monogatari and the translation characteristics of its Hikiuta as the breakthrough point, this paper contends that apart from three modern Japanese versions mentioned in his translation afterword, Feng Zikai made reference to TeihonGenji Monogatarisinkai by Kaneko Motoomi, Hikiuta of Genji Monogatari by Tamagami Takuya and other monographs in translating Genji Monogatari.

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Strategic Game between China and Japan in Rare Metal Field——Comments on Effects of China's Rare Earth Industrial Policy

FANG Xiao-xia, YANG Dan-hui

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (5): 1-7. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.05.001

Abstract （598）

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Japan，though with extreme shortage of rare metal resource in its mainland，has undoubtedly become the world’s power nation of rare metal consumption and application.Along with the wider utilization of rare metal in strategic new industries，China and Japan have launched several rounds of game in the related fields.To deal with the tighteningup control on rare metal production and export of the Chinese government，Japan comprehensively implemented technical，economic，political and diplomatic means to ensure the safety of its rare metal supply system with technical innovation as the core，marketing as the basic orientation，interaction among the government，industry and research，so as to form the ensuring strategic system of rare metal，which help ease the metal supply strain and further strengthen Japan’s competitive advantage in global value chain of rare metal.For a long time，China’s rare metal resources advantage has not become industrial advantage.We should draw lessons from Japan’s ensuring strategic system of rare metal to advance the development of national strategy of rare metal resources，boost rare mental industrial chain towards highend part and protect the safety of national resources.

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On Revelation of Vertical and Horizontal Integration Management of Homestead Stock Farm and Husbandry in Japan

SUN Fang，DING Man-chen，BAI Chen

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (5): 8-16. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.05.002

Abstract （652）

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At present，faced with the difficulties in high production cost，risk，quality request，pollutant disposal and other aspects，breeding industry needs innovative management mode.Based on the analysis of management mode of home stock farm in Hokkaido of Japan，the paper drew a conclusion that the vertical and horizontal integration management is an effective and ideal mode for homestead stock farm and husbandry.The horizontal integration refers to the integration management with the linkage of forage grass，feed and fertilizer.The vertical integration refers to the model of combining home stock farm，processing enterprise and service organization.In this paper，the related measures and advice are to lead the main body of husbandry to adopt the management mode of horizontal integration，encourage the main body of husbandry to adopt the management mode of vertical integration and perfect the management mechanism of vertical and horizontal integration.

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Revaluation of Causes for Changes in US Policy towards Japan in Early Postwar Period of WWⅡ

ZHANG Jing-wei

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (5): 17-23. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.05.003

Abstract （679）

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The changes in the relations between US and Japan after WWII had been the major element affecting the stability of Eastern Asian region.The focus of United State’s policy towards Japan at the early postwar period of WWII experienced a transition process from transforming to supporting.The transition had a complicated historical background and reason，went through a tortuous transformation process.The direct result set a base for the following USJapan relationship and now has a major effect upon changes in the international political structure of Eastern Asian region.Those elements affected US to change its policy towards Japan in the early years after WWII are not so important as analyzed by those Chinese and foreign scholars，but all of which have a logical connections，some coming first，other following afterwards，or some being primary and other being secondary and finally leading to the formation of the “San Francisco System”.In the process of changes in US policy towards Japan，disputes in ideology and gambles on national interests between US and the Soviet Union interacted honestly and straightforwardly，sometimes agreed with each other，sometimes departed from each other，aiming at their own individual national interests.All of these are important references for predicting the trends of the current international political structure of Eastern Asian region，and for the fundamental key and policies in correctly dealing with international affairs of that region.

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Research on the Inculcation of Selfidentity on the Warrior Class at Edo period——From Rite to Education

DING Nuo-zhou

JAPANESE RESEARCH 2016, 30 (5): 24-31. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.05.004

Abstract （559）

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Japan experienced its most strict identity hierarchy during the Edo period.The warrior class was separated consciously from the others.However，a baby born to this world wouldn’t bring any kind of selfidentity.In order to train and strengthen the classidentity consciousness of warriors’ children，the government of Edo period tried their best to inculcate classidentity to the “newborn warrior”，using growing rite in childhood and education in youth to brainwash them.The warrior class was the fundamental element of the social order and ruling measures of governors at Edo period.The government had trained a lot of warriors who were possessed by the warrior class identity and would guard the social order willingly.This led to the 200 years lasting peace of Edo period.

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