Japan has formulated four phases of the Basic Plan on Ocean Policy based on the Basic Act on Ocean Policy, continuously adjusting its maritime policies in response to evolving circumstances. This approach emphasizes both the continuity and reform of policies. To effectively implement these policies, Japan has established a collaborative support system that integrates domestic and international efforts. Specifically, this system focuses on the interconnected application of diverse policy tools, breaking down departmental barriers to achieve horizontal coordination and building a collaborative platform for multiple fields. It not only prioritizes the establishment of and participation in international maritime cooperation mechanisms and multilateral dialogue frameworks, but also emphasizes the expansion of maritime rights and interests through joint military exercises, defense cooperation, and practical maritime collaboration. Japans promotion of the construction of a collaborative support system for its marine policies is worthy of our reference, while we need to be more vigilant about some of its marine policies.

Based on the ideas of Marx, Kohei Saito critically draws on the “de-growth” economic theories of the Western left, and attempts to construct an ideal model of an ecological civilization characterized by shared wealth, common governance, municipal autonomy, and economic homeostasis-“de-growth communism”. This theory profoundly criticized the imperialist way of production and life and enriched the theoretical connotation of eco-socialism. However, in his study of “de-growth communism”, Kohei Saito overemphasized the analysis of Marxism from an ecological point of view, and put forward the view that Marx opposed the development of productive forces in his later years, which is suspected of “utopian”. At the same time, his theory also opposes economic development and environmental protection to a certain extent, deviating from Marxs dialectical view of nature.

The Ainu people, as indigenous inhabitants of the northern regions of the Japanese archipelago and surrounding areas, have long suffered from the neglect of their ethnic identity and rights. In recent years, Japan has sought to rectify its past policies of forced assimilation towards the Ainu people by enacting the Ainu Ethnicity Support Law. This marks the first legal recognition of the Ainu people as indigenous inhabitants, emphasizing a notion of ethnic “symbiosis”. The shift can be attributed not only to pressure from the Ainu people for their rights but also to international public opinion and pragmatic interests. Despite the Japanese government’s changes in Ainu policies, the focus has primarily been on cultural and touristic aspects, with substantive granting of indigenous rights yet to be fully realized. In the future, the Japanese government still faces challenges in restoring Ainu indigenous rights, acknowledging historical aggression, and eliminating ethnic discrimination.

With the development of modern society, population aging has become a major practical problem that troubles Japanese society. Some elderly themed films in Japan have reflected on the survival situation faced by the elderly population in the trend of aging, reflecting the expectations and helplessness exhibited by Japanese society in the trend of social changes and life flow, triggering profound thinking in Japanese society, and providing ideological preparation for coping with the continuous evolution of an aging society. Tokyo Story, as a successful model for mapping the deep psychology of the elderly population, delicately expresses the living conditions of the elderly population and reflects the reality of social changes and life flow. From the perspectives of philosophy of life, Zen culture, and the Japanese aesthetic concept of mono no aware, this article provides a theoretical interpretation of the living conditions and deep psychology of the elderly population reflected in Tokyo Story. It proposes that Chinese elderly themed film and television works should also apply Chinese style people-oriented thinking to deeply pay attention to the aging problem in Chinese society, and enhance the artistic appeal and social influence of Chinese elderly themed film and television works.

Family care is an important component of Japans elderly care system. The rapid aging of population, declining birth rates, and smaller family sizes have had an impact on Japans family care system. Japan has introduced a series of family elderly care support policies, mainly including establishing a care insurance system, developing socialized care services, promoting housing construction, and building a comprehensive support system. Japans family elderly care support policies balance caregivers and care receivers, balance the contradiction between employment and family care, combine general support with personalized support, and combine socialized care with family care. The formation of Japans family elderly care support policies is in response to the needs of aging, seniorization, and low birth rates,influenced by political structure and party system, which is conducive to alleviating government expenditure pressure during economic recession. In order to adapt to changes of family structure and family values, it reflects the cooperation and co governance of government, family, and society in the governance of an aging society. China should learn from Japans experience, establish a long-term care insurance system, develop community-based elderly care services, optimize housing support policies, take into account the needs of the elderly and family caregivers, and establish a comprehensive assistance system for family caregivers.

With the rapid progression of population aging in China, there is an urgent need to improve the medical insurance system to adapt to demographic changes and strengthen healthcare protection for the elderly. Based on a comparative analysis of international trends in population aging and medical expenditure, this study finds that Japans medical insurance system demonstrates advanced practices and effective outcomes, achieving the highest life expectancy with relatively moderate per capita medical expenditure. The study systematically summarizes Japans key reforms in response to aging, particularly the establishment of the medical insurance system for the elderly and the long-term care insurance system, as well as the construction of age-differentiated insurance structures and care frameworks, which has reference significance for Chinas medical insurance system reform. Drawing on the experience of Japans medical insurance system and combining it with the contradiction between Chinas current medical insurance system and aging population, this paper proposes suggestions for the “aging-friendly” reform of Chinas medical insurance system.