日本问题研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 56-70.DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2020.05.006

• 政治研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

日本在野党智库建设的探索及其经验教训 ——以民主党智库建设为例

张伯玉   

  1. 中国社会科学院 日本研究所,北京100007
  • 出版日期:2020-10-25 发布日期:2021-01-02
  • 作者简介:张伯玉,女,博士,中国社会科学院日本研究所研究员,主要从事日本政治研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重点项目“日本自民党体制转型研究”(17AGJ008)

The Exploration, Experience and Lessons of Japan’s Opposition Party Think Tank Construction ——Taking the Democratic Partys Think Tank Construction as an Example

ZHANG Bo-yu   

  1. Institute of Japanese Studies, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing,100007,China
  • Online:2020-10-25 Published:2021-01-02

摘要: 1998年民主党成为第一在野党后,从提高政策制定能力和储备民主党政府政策的视角出发,智库被该党视为“向政权担当型政党进化”可利用的工具。1999年3月发表的“智库网络构想”成为该党智库建设的基本指针,“智库的网络化即创建智库网络”成为该党智库建设的基本方向。民主党要通过智库网络创建自己的政策体系、信息收集体系以及市民政策参与体系。经过“智库网络21研究所”和“智库网络中心21”的探索与实践,2005年建立冠以民主党智库之名的“公共政策平台”。文章旨在以民主党智库对民主党上台执政发挥的作用为研究视角,总结民主党智库建设的经验教训,为政党智库的建设和发展提供可资借鉴的典型案例。建设智库是意欲问鼎政权、政策资源不足的民主党的正确选择;政党智库必须坚持其为党派利益服务的政治性;除政策支持外,智库还发挥了补充民主党权力资源不足的作用;资金和人才同样是制约政党智库发展的重要因素,但政党智库的发展更容易被政党领袖的政治理念所左右。

关键词: 政党智库, 在野党智库, 民主党智库, 智库网络, 公共政策平台

Abstract: After the Democratic Party became the first opposition party in 1998, with a view to improve policymaking capabilities and reserve Democratic Party government policies, think tanks are regarded by the party as a tool that can be used to evolve toward a political party. The“think tank network concept” published in March 1999 became the basic indicator of the party’s think tank construction, and “the networking of think tanks, i.e., the creation of a think tank network” has become the basic direction of the party’s think tank construction. The Democratic Party must create its own policy system, information collection system and citizen policy participation system through the think tank network. After the exploration and practice of “Think Tank Network 21 Institute” and “Think Tank Network Center 21”, in 2005, a “public policy platform" named after the Democratic Party’s think tank was established. This paper aims to take the role of the Democratic Partys think tanks in power as a research perspective, summarize the experience and lessons of the Democratic Party’s think tank construction, and provide typical cases for the construction and development of party think tanks. Constructing think tanks is the right choice for the Democratic Party, which intends to seek power and lacks policy resources.Party think tanks must insist on its political nature of serving the interests of the party.In addition to policy support, think tanks also play a role in supplementing the lack of power and resources of the Democratic Party.Funds and talents are also important factors that restrict the development of party think tanks, but the development of party think tanks is more likely to be influenced by the political ideas of party leaders.

Key words: political party think tank, opposition party think tank, Democratic Party think tank, think tank network, public policy platform

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