关键词: 稀有金属, 战略性新兴产业, 国家战略, 博弈

Abstract: Japan，though with extreme shortage of rare metal resource in its mainland，has undoubtedly become the world’s power nation of rare metal consumption and application.Along with the wider utilization of rare metal in strategic new industries，China and Japan have launched several rounds of game in the related fields.To deal with the tighteningup control on rare metal production and export of the Chinese government，Japan comprehensively implemented technical，economic，political and diplomatic means to ensure the safety of its rare metal supply system with technical innovation as the core，marketing as the basic orientation，interaction among the government，industry and research，so as to form the ensuring strategic system of rare metal，which help ease the metal supply strain and further strengthen Japan’s competitive advantage in global value chain of rare metal.For a long time，China’s rare metal resources advantage has not become industrial advantage.We should draw lessons from Japan’s ensuring strategic system of rare metal to advance the development of national strategy of rare metal resources，boost rare mental industrial chain towards highend part and protect the safety of national resources.

Key words: rare metal, strategic new industry, national strategy, game