Abstract: Diplomatic system of modern Japan was gradually formed in the process of Bakumatsu reforms and the Meiji Restoration. It was established in contacts, negotiations and learning with the West. It both adopted the form of Western diplomatic system and inherited traits from Japans traditional political culture. The modernization of diplomacy in Japan was not the result of the Meiji Restoration. The formation of diplomatic awareness, the establishment of the first diplomatic agency, the accumulation of experience in foreign affairs, and the nurturing of future diplomats during the Bakumatsu era-all laid a good foundation for diplomatic modernization of the Meiji government. The focused attention and vigorous push of the Meiji government ensured the formation of diplomatic system of modern Japan within a very short time.

Key words: the Meiji Restoration, modern Japan, diplomatic system