Abstract: Basic education is indispensable to ensure that one acquires knowledge, values and skills. Compared with other parts of the world, the development of basic education in Africa is disturbing. Getting children to school and ensuring that they complete at least basic education and gain a foundation in learning is critical to building the intellectual capital of African countries. The Japan International Cooperation Agency has been responsible for many foreign aid issues in Japan. Since the early 1990s, it has begun to expand its basic education support to demonstrate its direction and focus on educational aid to Africa. The contents of Japans aid to Africa in basic education include emphasizing aids in mathematics and science education, paying attention to teacher professional development and training, and supporting the construction of schoolcommunityparent management model. This is achieved through the aid paths of establishing the Japanesestyle primary schools in Africa, sending volunteers to teach there and cooperating with the World Bank. Japans aid to Africa in basic education is facing certain challenges, such as the differences in language, distinctive values and concepts between Japan and Africa, and how to connect and differentiate the educational stages.

Key words: Japan's aid to basic education, contents, paths, challenges