Abstract: The development of agriculture in Japan has always been famous for its high tariffs and high subsidies.Despite the change of regime,the policy orientation has remained essentially unchanged.But with the changes of the political and economic environment at home and abroad,the agricultural policies are constantly adjusted,modified and supplemented.In recent years,Japan’s declining birth rates,population aging problem are becoming more and more serious,the reduction of agricultural labor force,the declining of farmland area,and the uncertain effect of TPP on agriculture,Japan’s agriculture policy is badly in need of adjusted.Japan introduced a new Basic Plan for Food,Agriculture and Rural Areas in 2015,which illustrated the agricultural development planning for the next 510 years.Based on this,this paper analyzes the dilemma of agricultural development in Japan and briefly introduces the new basis plan.

Key words: Japan, agriculture, development planning, TPP, aging