Japanese Research

Accession System of Japanese Emperor and Imperial Household Act

LI Zhuo

2016, 30(6): 1-7. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.06.001

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Imperial Household Act is a law based on the constitution which regulates the succession of the Tenno and other affairs of the Imperial Household. This law,published in1889,built up the absolute monarchy order which fulfilled the needs of the Meiji government. As an equivalent to the constitution,this law put an end to the disordered accession system,ensured the supreme position of Tenno. After the World War II,the new version of Imperial Household Act was published. As a result,the position and characteristic of Tennno changed totally. However,the accession system of Japanese Emperor still obeyed the basic rule of the Meiji Period’s Imperial Household Act. This is the result of the incompletely reformation after World War II,which limited the development of the Japanese Imperial Household. This Act is also the root of Imperial Household succession crisis.

Japan’s Mikado System and Constitutionalism——Traditional Establishment,Suspension and Continuation

ZHANG Dong

2016, 30(6): 8-14. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.06.002

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During the Meiji Reformation,the reign of the Mikado and parliament became the new political principles under the rule of Meiji constitution.The constitutionalism,political theology and the political ideology of the integrity of Mikado and subjects reinforced with each other,thus the Mikado system was reestablished,which was called Mikado System and Constitutionalism.In this system,Mikado held all the powers,which also made it difficult for him to execute them.During the Taisho period,the personal ideas of Mikado could be “ignored”,so the Mikado system could integrate with the populace politics.Emperor Hirohito held all authorities while paying respect to the constitution.However,as the rule of political party ended and the war began,the imperial rule assistance system took over Japan.After the World War II,people’s sovereignty and symbolic Mikado System were confirmed and the bond between Mikado and people became much closer.

Analysis on Reasons of Emperor Akihito Intending to Living Abdication

GONG Na

2016, 30(6): 15-20. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.06.003

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The intention of Emperor Akihito “living abdication” has brought great shock to Japanese society.Emperor Akihito grew up in the war,and he was the first emperor acceded to the throne under the pacifist constitution.Since the emperor Akihito acceded to the throne,he has always insisted on maintaining peace constitution,fulfilled the symbol function,and played the special role of Japan and the royal.Emperor Akihito’s hope to abdicate “living” was mainly due to health reasons caused by aging,etc.Although the abdication in law and the procedure were very complicated,facing many difficulties,the emperor Akihito hoped to establish a more modern symbolic Emperor System to maintain the stability of the royal family.

Japanese Normalization of State and American Geopolitical Strategy of East Asian

HOU Dian-qin

2016, 30(6): 21-27. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.06.004

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After the World War Ⅱ,the U.S.Occupation of Japan directly led to the Japanese reform of nonfascistization,and Japanese foreign policy has also been limited in the framework of American geopolitical strategy.Because of this,the normalization process of Japanese state was closely linked with America’s Asian geopolitical strategy together in the postwar.During the cold war,Japan acted as American sentry in Asia,and acquired “independence” and international space under the San Francisco System.After the Cold War,America pursued the global hegemony strategy,Japan seized the opportunity to strengthen military alliance with the United States to expand its autonomy.Especially in 21st century,Japan implemented to send troops abroad by participating in the war on terror.In recent years,the United States implemented the strategic shift,and “AsiaPacific Rebalancing”,Japan took the opportunity to speed up the constitutional amendment activities,lifted the ban of the military to accelerate the pace of “normalization of state”.

Urban Energy Efficiency,Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction in Japan

ZHAO Gang

2016, 30(6): 28-35. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.06.005

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As the world’s third largest economic entity,Japan is also a major resource consuming country.As a country with limited natural resources,how did Japan tackle energy scarcity not at the cost of its economic growth And how did Japan improve energy efficiency while reducing environmental pollution to the lowest possible level Around this issue,this paper explores Japan’s technology and philosophy in energy conservation and environmental protection after the Kyoto conference as well as the future trend and studies the measures taken in urban energy management and the important role of renewable energy in environmental protection,all of which is to shed some light on tackling China’s energy and environmental issues in the new normal context when environment,urbanization and economic growth are equally high on the agenda.

Dilemma and Policy Adjustment of Agriculture in Japan

ZHANG Bin

2016, 30(6): 36-44. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.06.006

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The development of agriculture in Japan has always been famous for its high tariffs and high subsidies.Despite the change of regime,the policy orientation has remained essentially unchanged.But with the changes of the political and economic environment at home and abroad,the agricultural policies are constantly adjusted,modified and supplemented.In recent years,Japan’s declining birth rates,population aging problem are becoming more and more serious,the reduction of agricultural labor force,the declining of farmland area,and the uncertain effect of TPP on agriculture,Japan’s agriculture policy is badly in need of adjusted.Japan introduced a new Basic Plan for Food,Agriculture and Rural Areas in 2015,which illustrated the agricultural development planning for the next 510 years.Based on this,this paper analyzes the dilemma of agricultural development in Japan and briefly introduces the new basis plan.

“War criminals” or “National heroes”——From the Perspective of Pension Policy in Japan’s Postwar Recovery of Soldiers and Prisoners

ZHENG Yi,LI Shaopeng

2016, 30(6): 45-55. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.06.007

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The military dependents pension is an important content of Japan’s militarism mobilization,it was once abolished after the defeat of Japan.After signing the San Francisco Peace Treaty,the Japanese government soon resumed veterans’ pensions and the salvage work to the nonwar criminals.Since the mid1950s,after several changes,Japanese government fully revived the military dependents pension that including the war criminals under the promotion of Japanese conservative groups,such as the Survivors Group,and the influence of “War Criminals Released Movement”.The “war criminals” was regarded as death in line of duty to get the pension no matter they died in prison or be punished,war criminals in prison were considered to be in service and had cumulative annuity,also could enjoy the “injury pension”.The Japanese government restored the pension of war criminals from the legislative level,have a profound influence on the reconstruction of war memory and the Japanese social cognition,also became the foundation of social consciousness which the ClassA war criminals enshrined at Yasukuni Shrine.

Review of the Study of Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army in Last Twenty Years

ZHANG Qi-wei，ZOU Sheng-ying

2016, 30(6): 56-62. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.06.008

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The Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army and its struggle against Japan in the northeast region are important parts of Chinese war of resistance against Japan and the embodiment of the strong will of the Chinese nation against Japanese fascist aggression.The study of this topic is also an important study topic in the Anti-Japanese War.For a long time,the study of the Northeast Anti-union is also one of the important issues in the anti-war research in Chinese academia.Especially in the last twenty years,related study continued to expand and deepening,and formed a number of concentrated study areas,and emerged a large number of valuable results in the long term.These results support the leadership of Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army by Communist Party of China from the organization planning,propaganda,armed struggle and other aspects,so as to make a strong footnote for the Chinese Communist Party who played a mainstay role in the war of resistance against Japan;at the same time,the broad masses of patriotic people gradually formed the prototype of the national anti-Japanese united front in the struggle against Japanese aggression.

How does Food and Nutrition Education Program Become National Policy——A Review of the Role Japanese Government Played in the Shokuiku Campaign

LIAO Bin-chi,LYU Peng,YANG Jia-ying

2016, 30(6): 63-72. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.06.009

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There is the most complete food and nutrition education system in Japan.It is of great significance for us to promote food and nutrition education in China by studying this system,especially the study of the role of Japanese government.This paper describes basic contents of Shokuiku in Japan,discusses the characters of Shokuiku at different stages of development,especially introduces the positive role Japanese government played in promoting Shokuiku campaign and finally focus on the management support function of the Japanese government’s organizational structure for the program.

The evolvement and modern transformation of Japanese Buddhism literature

KUANG Ling,QIU Ya-fen

2016, 30(6): 73-80. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2016.06.010

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The "Destroying Buddhism" movement raised in the first year of Meiji dynasty completely changes the fate of Japanese Buddhism. The new cultural context and the ideological ecology caused by it directly affect the creation of the Japanese Buddhist literature. Looking through the Japanese Buddhist literature in about 150 years since modern time, the acceptance model on Buddhism changes from faith, doubt, rationalism to religious pluralism, and the literary creation echoes the Buddhist position transformation. And the inevitable result of multi religious belief is that people have no time to accumulate honing the selfwill, their religious psychology of eager for quick success gives the thought of "otherpower" and "evil people as the right object of Amitabha’s salvation " and other convenience methods chances to replace the orthodox Buddhism of practice, and these methods get spread far and wide. The debut of monk writers in the new era is a perfect combination of traditional monk literature and modern literature. It not only lets people be more aware of the mystery of the monk world, but also gets Buddhism more involved in modern secular life. Especially in their works, the multiple religious views which are beyond religious sects conform to the present situation of the coexistence of many religions in Japan.

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