Japanese Research

Origin of American Cultural Diplomacy with Japan in Allies Occupation Period

TIAN Qingli

2017, 31(4): 1-9. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2017.04.001

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During the allied occupation period, JapanU.S. relations was in a special state between a defeated and a victorious country. On the basis of its national strategic interests, in response to the threat of communism, the united states had implemented a series of targeted measures of cultural diplomacy measures in order to ensure the smooth occupation of Japan, and laid the foundation for the smooth development of the subsequent relationship between Japan and the United States. In order to consolidate and ensure the reform achievements that the united states achieved in the period of occupation, Rockefeller III had write the JapanU.S. Cultural Relations Report after he visited Japan, which had epochmaking significance of the postwar JapanU.S. cultural exchanges history. The longterm goal in the report specified direction for pushing the United States deeply development cultural diplomacy with Japan.

Japan’s Balancing Strategy towards China and Its Dilemma in Context of Offshore Balance Theory

ZHU Huajin

2017, 31(4): 10-16. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2017.04.002

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The father of Meiji constitution Ito Hirobumi's party politics view has experienced a process of transformation from the original concept of "evil party" to the final "party tool theory". This change was based on the Japanese parties' dynamic politics activities after the Meiji constitution was promulgated. Along with the change of party politics view, Ito took different measures on the constitutional political practices on the parties. At the beginning he avoided particularly talking about political parties in the constitutional text and suppressing the political parties, and compromised afterwards to all kinds of parties due to the political need, and created Seiyukai finally. The transition of his view of party politics and practices has a great influence on modern Japanese parties' political activities.

Research on Features and Future Trends of ChinaJapan Mutual Investment

LIU Hong1, HOU Zhenling2

2017, 31(4): 17-25. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2017.04.003

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Though both China and Japan are big exporters of capital, their direct mutual investmentsdiffer greatly in size, industry distributionand investment methods. The formation of these features has a close relation with the ChinaJapan comparative advantages, economic development stage and policy of import capital. As these factors change, Japan's direct investmentstowards China will adjust structurally and transfer from lowend manufacturing industry to medium and highend manufacturing industry and nonmanufacturing industry under the background of steady growth. Meanwhile, China's direct investmentstowards Japan will unlock the growth potential, and not only increase the investment on tourism, real estate and other nonmanufacturing industries, but also the manufacturing industry. There will be some improvement and a new situation of benign interaction for the severe longterm imbalance of ChinaJapan direct mutual investment.

Read Image of Economic Effectiveness of China’s Boycotting Movement against Japanese Goods in Early 20th Century ——Case Study of Japan's Trade with China

WANG Yaozhen1,2，MA Xiaofei3

2017, 31(4): 25-35. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2017.04.004

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Boycotting movement against Japanese goods is an important phenomenon hanging between China and Japan for more than 30 years in modern age, but there is a great research gap for this phenomenon, and scarce studies have been conducted to survey its economic effectiveness. The current research, both in China and Japan, often thinks there exist overestimation and underestimation concerning the economic effectiveness of the boycotting movement against Japanese goods. However, the estimations, whether it is over or under, are usually made on the basis of shortterm effects or the impact of a single boycotting movement, which could not cast a panoramic picture of the effectiveness of boycotting that lasts for more than 30 years at that time. This study intends to exhibit the boycotting’s economic effectiveness by analyzing Japan’s trade with China, its exports to China, and referencing the trade’s overall process between the early 1920s and the middle 1930s. The study shows there is “a great and a small” effectiveness concerning the impact of the boycotting on shortterm and longterm economic effectiveness respectively, whereas it is “allornothing” regarding the different goods.

Meiji Restoration Ideas Held by Reformists in Late Qing Dynasty and Its Enlightenment to Research on Japan

LIU Yuebing

2017, 31(4): 36-41. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2017.04.005

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Despite that the Meiji restoration ideas held by Huang Zunxian, Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao, the representatives of reformists in late Qing Dynasty, had their own characteristics, they also shared some similarities. They all concluded the reasons leading to the success of Meiji restoration as the heroic spirit of the heroes and emphasized that the Japanese heroic spirit was rooted in sinology. What they saw was the similarities between Chinese and Japanese culture, especially some aspects in which China was superior to Japan. Therefore, they were confident about emulating and studying Japanese system and language. This kind of “seeking common grounds in differences” idea hindered the further and indepth study on Japanese culture, and also resulted in the phenomenon which looks similar but quite different in the process of learning from Japan. The research on Japan today shall keep emphasizing on “seeking differences in common” with the study principle of “learning sincerely and studying well”. Only this way, can the level of Japan study be promoted.

Ito Hirobumi's Understanding of the Constitutionalism in the Late Qing Dynastyhe and the Political Reform in the late Qing Dynasty

CHEN Wei

2017, 31(4): 42-49. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2017.04.006

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Hirobumi investigated the Reform Movement of 1898. He hoped that the constitutionalism system be established in the Qing Dynasty by reform which was orderly and gradual and not Anxiousaggressive. On the other hand, He realized that it was difficult for the Qing Dynasty to get rid of the longstanding corrupt practices in short time. The Qing Dynasty lost the opportunity to reform. The topdown political reform was difficult to succeed for the Qing Dynasty which government was decadent and surrounded by powers who wanted to divide it. The constitutional movement in the Late Qing Dynasty made it clear that the reform for constitutionalism system may result in domestic turmoil or revolution. It would not only overturn the Qing regime but also affect Japan to change.

Longevity Community Construction and its Practice in Japan

HU Peng

2017, 31(4): 50-60. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2017.04.007

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apan is universally accepted as the longevity country and to be hyper-aged society with significant increase in the elderly over 75 years old. A healthy and longevity society should be that the elderly make a contribution to the society based on their experience, technology and knowledge, and participate in social activities actively when they are healthy and independent. Meanwhile they are able to enjoy care services in community nearby when they can’t take care of themselves and need to be nursed and looked after. Such a healthy and longevity society should be constructed. From the perspective of longevity community construction, this paper explored the process of community construction which respond to the elderly needs of daily life and oldage care in the context of deepening aging society in Japan.

Medical Care Supply System Reform and Integration of Medical Care in Japan

TIAN Xianglan

2017, 31(4): 61-68. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2017.04.008

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As Japan’s population born in the early postwar period go into the advanced age period of 75 years old in 2025, the medical care needs will increase further. In response to the problems in 2025, the Japanese government has promulgated Social Security System Reform Law(2012), Comprehensive Law To Ensure Regional Medical Care (2014) and Medical Insurance System Reform Association Law(2015) in order to realize the integration of medical care by reforming the medical care supply system and constructing the efficient medical supply system and regional comprehensive care system. Chiba County Municipal Government cooperated with UR urban institutions (original Japanese Housing Corporation) and The Comprehensive Research Institution of Aging Society of Tokyo University for five years, combined the medical treatment, care, prevention and life support services to provide home care service for the elderly by constructing the senior houses of ancillary services as the premise. This strides a solid step to the integration of medical care.

Current Situation and Solutions of Elders' Poverty in Japan

DING Yingshun

2017, 31(4): 69-80. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2017.04.009

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As the aging of population is becoming severer than before, the poverty of elders is becoming the problem that the whole society concerns about. In one's twilight ages, it's hard for elders to change their incomes and the weak position so that they tend to be poor. Holding the highest aging rate in the world, Japan has already become the depopulation and super aging country. The aging of Japanese society not only means that it aggravates the burden to support elders, but also means that the problem of elders' poverty it brings. Under the situation that the aggravation of aging and elders' poverty problems, Japan took a series of actions to solve this problem and try to guarantee elders' later life. Their experience deserves our reference.

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