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A Multidimensional Examination of Japans Post-War Recovery Based on the Korean War WANG Xiaorong, CHENG Yu Japanese Research    2024, 38 (5): 1-9.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2024.05.001 Abstract （848）      PDF（pc） （620KB）（2444）       Knowledge map    Save On June 25, 1950, the outbreak of the Korean War brought a turning point to Japan, which was still immersed in the mood of defeat. The United States urgent participation in the war made it necessary to rely on Japans war resources and to re-evaluate Japans strategic value. Additionally, the signing of the “Treaty of Peace with Japan” and the U.S.-Japan Security Treaty relieved Japans worries about its future to promote the “Yoshida Line”. Furthermore, the rapid left turn and failure of the Japanese Communist Party during the war greatly weakened the left-wing forces in Japan, paving the way for the rapid development of capitalism. In the face of the first war crisis in East Asia after World War II, Japan took full advantage of the situation to quickly complete the transition to a normal country and embarked on the fast track of economic development. It can be said that Japan was the biggest winner in the entire Korean War. To trace the root of Japans rapid post-war recovery, it is necessary to make a multidimensional examination of the role Japan played in the Korean War and the opportunities it faced. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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“GIGA School Program”: The Key Measures and Implementation Status of the Digital Transformation of Japanese Education TAN Jianchuan Japanese Research    2025, 39 (1): 31-44.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2025.01.003 Abstract （1041）      PDF（pc） （670KB）（1771）       Knowledge map    Save With the wide application of digital technology in the field of education, the digital-driven educational change has become a worldwide theme. Countries continue to introduce digital development strategies and plans to implement the digital transformation of education in an all-round way. Since the launch of the education reform program named “GIGA School Program” in 2019, Japan has continuously improved the level of digital infrastructure construction, strengthened the application guidance of digital teaching in schools, improved the teacher training and support system, and achieved certain results.The implementation strategy reflects the characteristics of attaching importance to the concept of educational fairness, pursuing precise target management, emphasizing educational application guidance, and building a diversified collaborative system.However, there are still a series of problems in the implementation process, such as regional differences in the use of equipment, the increased work burden of teachers, the misunderstanding of the digital transformation, and the lag of educational management concept, which reflect the particularity and complexity of the digital transformation of education. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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A Critical Review of Kohei Saito’s Constructive Approach to “De-Growth Communism” REN Ling, HUI Yue Japanese Research    2025, 39 (2): 16-26.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2025.02.002 Abstract （781）      PDF（pc） （569KB）（267）    PDF（mobile） （569KB）（6）    Knowledge map    Save Based on the ideas of Marx, Kohei Saito critically draws on the “de-growth” economic theories of the Western left, and attempts to construct an ideal model of an ecological civilization characterized by shared wealth, common governance, municipal autonomy, and economic homeostasis-“de-growth communism”. This theory profoundly criticized the imperialist way of production and life and enriched the theoretical connotation of eco-socialism. However, in his study of “de-growth communism”, Kohei Saito overemphasized the analysis of Marxism from an ecological point of view, and put forward the view that Marx opposed the development of productive forces in his later years, which is suspected of “utopian”. At the same time, his theory also opposes economic development and environmental protection to a certain extent, deviating from Marxs dialectical view of nature. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Formation and Evolution of Chinese Language Education in Modern Japan ——Centered on the Chinese Department of Tokyo Foreign Language School XU Jingbo, XU Xiaochun Japanese Research    2024, 38 (1): 42-50.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2024.01.005 Abstract （1989）      PDF（pc） （4936KB）（116）       Knowledge map    Save On the basis and framework of Tou Tsuji(Chinese interpreter), the Chinese language education system in modern Japan was formed. The most important educational institution in the early stage was the Tokyo Foreign Language School, which was founded 1873. Historically, it is generally divided into two stages, or two periods, from June 1873(also said by some to be August)to 1886, generally known as the Old Tokyo Foreign Language School(referred to as “Old Foreign language”). It was revived again in 1899, on a more orderly scale, and lasted until after World War II(commonly referred to as the “New Foreign Language”). The Chinese Department in the school is the largest government-run Chinese language education institution in modern Japan. Compared with the foreign language education of the Western system such as English, French and German, which had the function of spreading civilization at the same time, Chinese language education was basically just a practical language education in the fields of diplomacy and trade. An investigation of the evolution of Tokyo Foreign Language School and the relevant government-run Chinese language education institutions can roughly grasp the historical context and basic characteristics of the evolution of Chinese language education in modern Japan. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Implementation Mode, Effect and Dilemma of Japans “Tourism Diplomacy” Strategy LIU Qingmei Japanese Research    2024, 38 (1): 11-21.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2024.01.002 Abstract （526）      PDF（pc） （5930KB）（106）       Knowledge map    Save In 2002, the government led by Junichiro Koizumi first mentioned the importance of overseas tourists visiting Japan to the Japanese economy. In January 2007, with the revision of The Tourism Nation Promotion Basic Law, the Japanese government began to pay attention to the public diplomacy effect of overseas tourists visiting Japan. In the studies so far, the discussion around the policy of “building a nation through tourism” has formed a comprehensive trend, and a relatively clear consensus view has been reached, but few studies have paid attention to the combination of this strategy and public diplomacy theory. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the Japanese government has implemented the strategy of “tourism diplomacy” mainly by loosening visa restrictions for overseas tourists to Japan and integrating and improving domestic tourism resources. In terms of effect, intuitive economic data verify the success of Japans “tourism diplomacy” mode, and in terms of the public diplomacy effect of enhancing its international image, the Japanese government still needs to make more efforts to win over the swing groups. Contradictions in policy making, uneven distribution of tourism resources between regions, and an aging population with declining birthrate are the major difficulties for Japans “tourism diplomacy”. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research on the Cooperation Mode Between Enterprises and NGOs in Japans Foreign Aid DING Shaobin, LI Yanshen Japanese Research    2024, 38 (1): 22-31.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2024.01.003 Abstract （1649）      PDF（pc） （5113KB）（95）       Knowledge map    Save In Japans foreign aid, the cooperation and participation of enterprises and NGOs is an important feature. Through the historical evolution of different stages of foreign aid, various cooperation models between them have taken shape, including asset cooperation type, social contribution type, social responsibility type, and CSV type. Enterprises and NGOs play an important role in Japans foreign aid, and the potential changes in the cooperation model between them have a significant impact on the development of Japans foreign aid affairs in the future. Chinas foreign aid can learn from Japans experience, enhance corporate social responsibility awareness, and promote collaboration between social organizations and diverse entities, in order to promote high-quality development of Chinas foreign aid affairs. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Formation of Nanto Tensou in the Authority Gap during the Nanbokucho Period MA Teng Japanese Research    2024, 38 (5): 10-21.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2024.05.002 Abstract （780）      PDF（pc） （666KB）（81）       Knowledge map    Save During the period of Nanbokucho, there were already particular tensous responsible for the affairs of Koufuku Temple, but at that time, the so-called “Nanto tensou” was only newly appointed tensous responsible for daily document affairs, which was updated and replaced with the promotion of official positions. This characteristic unchanged by the time Madenokouji Tsugufusa was promoted to tensou in 1376.When Tsugufusa was promoted to the position of gondainagon in 1383, it was customary for a newly appointed tensou to take over Koufuku Temple affairs,yet the long absence of a replacement suggested a significant shift in the characteristic of Nantotensou.During the Nanbokucho period,tensou was rarely directly involved in negotiations in gosous from temples and shrines.In fact,Tsugufusa did not actually intervene in Koufuku Temple affairs in 1379—1383,which was in line with previous practice.It was only the Koufuku Temple gosou in Kouryaku period that created the illusion in the Kennaiki that Tsugufusa was appointed as Nantotensou in Kouryaku period.Referring to the handling methods of the two gosou by Ouan and Kouryaku period, it can be seen that there was an authority gap between the Kuge, Bakufu, and Jisya after the reign of gokougon tennou, which cannot be simply understood as the shogunates absorption of Kuges power. Therefore, the year of 1383 was also an important watershed for the changes in the political landscape during the Muromachi era. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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After the “Fifth Five-Year System”: The Realistic Dilemma and Root Causes of Japans Liberal Democratic Party WANG Jun, CUI Ziyu Japanese Research    2024, 38 (6): 21-38.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2024.06.002 Abstract （632）      PDF（pc） （8036KB）（76）       Knowledge map    Save Japans Liberal Democratic Party is a long-term ruling party in Japan. After the end of the “Fifth Five-Year System”, the party faces various challenges including election competition, internal governance, administration, and inter-party cooperation. Faced with the dramatic changes in Japans political environment, the Liberal Democratic Party has both the advantage of being a major party and the possibility of being powerless. On the one hand, the change in the competition mechanism between political parties has put higher demands on the Liberal Democratic Party, and the increase in “mobile voters” has led to greater uncertainty in the election results; on the other hand, the complex situation of domestic and foreign affairs highlights the limitations of the Liberal Democratic Partys comprehensive governance ability, and the stability of the cabinet is being tested. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Modernity Interpretation of Chinese Civilization in Ikedas Works and Its Contemporary Value JI Yaguang, MENG Ruizhu Japanese Research    2024, 38 (1): 60-68.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2024.01.007 Abstract （471）      PDF（pc） （4720KB）（76）       Knowledge map    Save Japanese thinker Daigo Ikeda studied China based on its historical and traditional culture, pointing out that China is the key to achieving world peace and development. He talked with intellectuals around the world, analyzed the difficulties in Western modern civilization, and studied the cultural heritage of Chinese civilization from the perspective of “people-orientation”. In order to break the limitations of exclusivity and homogenization in Western modern civilization, Ikeda interpreted the modernity of Chinese civilization, pointing out that the “universality” of Chinese civilizations pacifism and the unity of axiology and ontology have the possibility to surpass Western modern civilization. Therefore, Ikeda is full of expectations for China in the 21st century, and believes that Chinese civilization will play an important role in forming a new world civilization order that truly conforms to the interests of human beings. Ikeda's interpretation of the modernity of Chinese civilization provides a comparative dimension between Eastern and Western civilizations for understanding the five outstanding characteristics of Chinese civilization: continuity, innovation, unity, inclusiveness, and peace. It provides some inspiration and reference for the construction of modern Chinese civilization. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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An Analysis of Yamakawa Kikues Thoughts on Womens Emancipation MENG Fei, CAI Mulin Japanese Research    2024, 38 (1): 69-80.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2024.01.008 Abstract （603）      PDF（pc） （6486KB）（70）       Knowledge map    Save Yamakawa Kikue was one of the most important Japanese socialists in the 20th century. Her thoughts on the emancipation of proletarian women became the important reference for the Japanese feminist movement in the early 20th century. Yamakawa Kikue believed that the Japanese proletarian women were trapped in the predicament: the interference of the bourgeois feminist movement, the constraint of the feudal family system, and the old ideology of male superiority and female inferiority. In this regard, starting from Marxism, she pointed out that the root of womens problems lay in economic problems, and clarified the hypocrisy and oppression of the bourgeois feminist movement against proletarian women. She pointed out that the inner strength of realizing proletarian womens emancipation is the unity of all workers, the external support is the proletarian movement, and the practical return is the socialist mode of production. Once translated into Chinese, Yamakawa Kikues works on womens liberation exerted a certain influence on the early Chinese Marxists exploration of the road of Chinese womens liberation. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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An Analysis of Hara Cabinet‘s Reforms of Official Appointment System WEN Chunmei Japanese Research    2023, 37 (5): 13-21.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2023.05.002 Abstract （663）      PDF（pc） （4513KB）（61）       Knowledge map    Save In Japanese academia, the relationship between pre-World War II Japanese political parties and bureaucrats has traditionally been seen as one of opposition. However, during the late Meiji era to the early Taisho era, a distinct political system known as the “Kei-En System” emerged. This system saw Katsura Taro, representing the domain-based bureaucrats, and Saionji Kinmochi, the president of the Rikken Seiyūkai (Association of Friends of Constitutional Government), taking turns in power for 12 years. The “Kei-En System” reflected a nuanced political structure that went beyond mere confrontation, incorporating elements of coordinated cooperation between political parties and bureaucrats. This paper delves into the insights provided by the Hara Takashi Diary to analyze the concepts behind the reforms of official appointment system and their implementation by Hara Takashi, who was also the president of the Rikken Seiyūkai. It demonstrates how Hara successfully brought numerous experienced bureaucrats into the folds of the Rikken Seiyūkai and implemented reform measures, including broadening the scope for making appointments to highgrade senior officials. These measures not only expanded the Rikken Seiyūkai‘s influence to encompass antiparty domain-based bureaucrats,but also hastened the trend of bureaucrats joining political parties and running for elected positions-an occurrence referred to as the “bureaucratic partyization”.At the same time, by continuing the strategy of “bureaucratic partyization” that had been in place since the Kei-En era, Hara absorbed a large number of senior officials with administrative experience into the Rikken Seiyūkai (Association of Friends of Constitutional Government), thus reserving administrative talents for the transition to party politics. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Practice and Influence of Constructing the Concept of “Indigenous Peoples” in Japan LIN Shengai Japanese Research    2024, 38 (1): 51-59.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2024.01.006 Abstract （429）      PDF（pc） （4541KB）（54）       Knowledge map    Save In the late 1990s, the construction and widespread dissemination of the concept of “indigenous peoples” in Japan marked a process where the rights of the indigenous Ainu people, such as human rights, freedom, culture, and tradition, gradually became incorporated into its domestic legal protection framework. In contrast to the concept of “aboriginal peoples”, which aims to showcase the independence and superiority of the Yamato ethnic group, the concept of “indigenous peoples” is recognized and respected as an independent ethnic cultural community in a country and society that acknowledges cultural diversity, presenting a progressive aspect. The fundamental purpose of Japans construction of the concept of “indigenous peoples” is to enhance national identity by reconstructing multicultural identities in the modern context where national identity is deeply influenced by the process of globalization. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Comparative Study on Japanese Youth Employment and Policy Proposals HUANG Guan, WANG Jingmiao Japanese Research    2025, 39 (3): 69-80.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2025.03.006 Abstract （613）      PDF（pc） （2106KB）（49）       Knowledge map    Save With the overall unemployment rate declining for a long time after WWII, Japan's youth unemployment has been particularly serious compared with other age groups since the “bubble economy” burst. There are both interpretations of the overall economic situation and theories based on Japan's employment structure regarding the causes of youth unemployment in Japan. Starting from the labor political movement in Japan, this article analyzes and discusses the emergence and evolution of youth unemployment in Japan. Through quantitative comparative analysis and evaluation of the youth unemployment situation in Japan, and relying on Okun's law to quantitatively test the relationship between the employment and unemployment situation of the Japanese youth group and its socioeconomic changes, the article interprets the various relief plans and effects of the Japanese government, and explores their policy design principles and inspirations for solving youth unemployment problems in China. Although due to differences in political and economic systems and social development levels, China cannot simply copy Japan's plan to address youth unemployment, research on the social, political, and economic issues caused by youth unemployment in Japan can still draw attention to similar problems in China. Analyzing its experiences and lessons can also provide China with ideas and policy alternatives to solve related problems. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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An Analysis of Non-Economic Factors Driving Japans Post-war Privatization Movement LIU Hong Japanese Research    2024, 38 (1): 32-41.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2024.01.004 Abstract （420）      PDF（pc） （5553KB）（48）       Knowledge map    Save Japan implemented two large-scale privatization movements after World War II, primarily during the periods of Yasuhiro Nakasone and Junichiro Koizumi. By comparing the privatization movements during the Nakasone and Koizumi periods and analyzing the significant impacts of three factors: financial crises, political struggles, and external pressures, this paper attempts to identify a unique model of post-war privatization in Japan. Using the theoretical frameworks and methodologies of historical institutionalism and political entrepreneur, this paper attempts to find the profound historical institutional factors and the pivotal role exerted by political leaders in shaping the distinctive model of post-war privatization in Japan. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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An Analysis of Japan's “Human Security” Diplomacy from the Perspective of Role Theory QIAO Linsheng, SONG Yang Japanese Research    2025, 39 (3): 1-15.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2025.03.001 Abstract （385）      PDF（pc） （849KB）（38）       Knowledge map    Save Role theory provides a vital analytical framework for understanding national diplomatic behaviors and policies. When a state's self-perceived role perception and practices clash with external role expectations in the international system, it may face external pressures arising from this. To achieve stable national role and gain international recognition, states often use role transition as a method for foreign policy adjustment. Japan's diplomatic practice in “human security” reflects multiple roles, which evolve due to internal and external role expectations amid shifting international environment and domestic societal development. The national role has followed a progressive trajectory from a norm advocate, development aid provider, and “peacebuilder” to a values-driven diplomacy practitioner, aid-for-interest seeker, and comprehensive security pursuer. Facing the relative decline in economic strength, Japan is attempting to expand strategic space through “human security”, aiming to construct broader international cooperation frameworks to support its strategic objective of attaining “normal state” status. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis of the Relationship between the Pre-war Japanese Communist Party and Social Democratic Parties HAN Qianwei Japanese Research    2025, 39 (3): 16-27.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2025.03.002 Abstract （1023）      PDF（pc） （616KB）（30）       Knowledge map    Save From the perspective of the interaction between transnational structure and political party initiative, the pre-war(1920s—1940s)relationship between the Japanese Communist Party and the social democratic parties had five characteristics. First, the establishment of the JCP in 1922 preceded and stimulated the emergence of social democratic parties, deviating from the European model where communist parties split from left wings of social democratic parties. Second, the high pressure of the imperial system, the strategic discipline and localization pressure of the Comintern, and the “triple squeeze” of the militaristic fascist system have jointly shaped the narrow survival space and strategic choices of political parties. Third, the relationship between the Communist Party of Japan and social democratic parties presented a dynamic game of “anti-communism and united”, with fierce competition between the two sides in terms of ideology, organizational resources, and united front strategies, resulting in repeated defeats of the concept of a unified proletarian political party. Fourth, the brutal suppression by the Japanese government not only dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese Communist Party, but also forced social democratic parties(especially the right-wing)to gradually abandon socialist principles under fascist pressure, turn to “national socialism” and ultimately be engulfed by the New Order Movement, profoundly revealing the fragility of the reformist line under the rise of militarism. Fifth, the genealogy of the Communist Party of Japan and the three major social democratic parties, the pre-war mode of opposition, and core differences deeply influenced the complex relationship between the Communist Party and the Socialist Party after the war, which was both united and opposed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Disposal of Problem Small and Medium-sized Banks in Japan and Its Implications for China TIAN Zheng, LI Xin Japanese Research    2025, 39 (3): 46-58.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2025.03.004 Abstract （468）      PDF（pc） （598KB）（26）       Knowledge map    Save After the collapse of the bubble economy, Japan experienced the bankruptcy of small and medium-sized banks, which can be divided into three periods: the initial manifestation period, the rapid outbreak period, and the concentrated disposal period. Japan gradually formed measures to deal with problematic small and medium-sized banks, such as rescue-style mergers and acquisitions, early correction and early warning systems, which effectively alleviated the impact of the subprime mortgage crisis. The Japanese government also took measures to resolve the non-performing loans of small and medium-sized banks by strengthening the disclosure of non-performing loan information and improving the liquidity of non-performing loans through sorting out recovery agencies. Against the background of low interest rate spreads and an aging population, Japan's small and medium-sized banks continue to expand their sources of income, increase the scale and efficiency of their business operations, and build a local close-knit financial system to serve the needs of local social and economic development. Japan's experience has certain reference significance for promoting the risk disposal and transformation of China's small and medium-sized banks. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The Impact of Economic and Political Uncertainty on the Overseas Business Performance of Japanese Enterprises: Based on the Moderating Role of Internal Trade XUE Jun, LIU Guiliang, FAN Yue Japanese Research    2025, 39 (3): 28-45.   DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2025.03.003 Abstract （345）      PDF（pc） （980KB）（8）       Knowledge map    Save Against the backdrop of intensifying global economic and political uncertainty, research on how Japanese enterprises navigate such disruptions to sustain overseas business performance remains limited. This study, drawing on data from Japanese enterprises operating in major global regions between 2007 and 2022, explores the impact of economic and political uncertainty on their overseas business performance, alongside the role of internal trade mechanisms within multinational corporations, to analyze the endogenous driving forces behind the sustainable growth of overseas business performance of Japanese enterprises. Findings indicate that economic and political uncertainty has a positive effect on the overseas business performance of Japanese enterprises. The core of this impact lies in the internal trade mechanisms within multinational corporations, which enhance firms' risk management capabilities, leading to stable growth in overseas performance. Unveiling the instrinsic mechanism of how economic and political uncertainty affects the overseas business performance of Japanese enterprises, and profoundly elucidating the strategic value of overseas invest menes by enterprises, can provide valuable insights for Chinese enterprises to enhance their risk response capabilities and sustainable deve lopment levels in global operation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）