Abstract: Since the 1990s, in the context of an aging population with fewer children, Japan has broken the monopoly of “good wives and virtuous motherhood” for a long time by promulgating Basic Law on the Joint Participation of Women and Men in Society and other relevant policies and laws for women. It has increased the efforts of Japanese womens social participation policy reform, and effectively promoted the realization of the goal of “men and women jointly participate in society”. Among them, the manifestation of womens human rights in the policy field, the adjustment of policy goals in the economic field, the promotion of joint participation of men and women in the cultural field, and the establishment of womens institutions in the social education field are the main driving forces for the continuous adjustment and improvement of Japanese womens social participation policies. The implementation effectiveness and motivation of Japanese womens social participation policies reflect the concept of “joint participation of men and women”, the embedded “gender identity” in education, the “gender mainstream” reflected in policies, and womens theoretical research, which have played an important role in promoting womens social participation in Japan. These experiences have certain reference value for the future development orientation of Chinese womens social participation policies.

Key words: Japan, an aging population with fewer children, womens policy, social participation