Abstract: Diplomatic relations between Japan and India have warmed sharply in recent years, and this heat has also been felt in the field of technology. As early as the 1980s, Japan and India laid the foundation of science and technology diplomacy through the signing of The Japan-India Science and Technology Cooperation Agreement. Since then, with the upgrading of diplomatic relations, the depth and breadth of science and technology cooperation have been gradually expanded. The current hot science and technology fields, such as information and communication technology, digital technology, and science and technology entrepreneurship, have been the focus of cooperation between the two countries. From the perspective of national interests of the two countries, Japan and India have strong complementarity in resources and population structure, capital technology and market, industry and software and hardware, etc., which promotes the sound development of science and technology diplomacy between the two countries. From the perspective of the international environment, the United States is attracting allies to form a science and technology alliance to block China, and the third country inevitably faces the dilemma of choosing sides. Japan and India, one staunch ally of the United States and the other hoping to gain benefits by joining the camp of liberal democratic values, so they are more or less involved in the United States blockade strategy. Under the influence of these factors, it is foreseeable that the scientific and technological diplomatic relations between Japan and India will continue to develop and occupy an increasingly important proportion in the diplomatic relations between the two countries.

Key words: science and technology diplomacy, Japan-India diplomacy, bilateral relations, science and technology war