Abstract: Japan’s environmental problems and environmental movements have caused a series of related social problems, which needs us to study from the perspective of long-term environmental history, in order to supplement the previous study of Japans problems from the perspective of politics, military and economy. The anti pollution campaign of Japanese people started from the tinge of class struggle before World War II, to the pollution struggle during the period of rapid economic growth after the war, and then developed into an environmental movement participated by local residents. After the mid1990s, a new movement mode was formed aiming at “environmental regeneration”, which led to the change of Japanese people’s environmental movement into more attention to the construction of social system. This change of environmental movement is mainly reflected in the different structure of the subject relationship of environmental movement in each period. This paper will start from this perspective to clarify the evolution characteristics of environmental movement in Japan and the logical relationship between environmental movements in each period.

Key words: environmental pollution, Japan, environmental history, environmental movement, environmental regeneration