Abstract: Compared with European and American countries, Japan suffered the most severe damage during the Great Depression of the capitalist world in 1929, and the agriculture suffered the most. This agricultural crisis was not entirely caused by external shocks. Part of the Japanese government's economic policies before the outbreak of the crisis had a serious negative impact on agricultural development, making it a shortcoming in the economic system. After the crisis broke out, the government was affected by the growing fascist forces when dealing with agricultural issues. Instead of saving agriculture, the government's policies further accelerated the formation of an agriculturalcontrolled economic system aimed at war preparations. Through the analysis of this article, we can get a glimpse of the Japanese government's understanding of the position and role of the rural economy in the development of capitalism, and basic governance concepts. Some of these lessons are also beneficial to the modernization of developing countries.

Key words: Japanese agriculture, Japanese history, agricultural policy, fascist system, controlled economy