Japanese Research

An Analysis of the Agents, Motivations and Effects of Japan's Environmental Diplomacy

ZHOU Ying

2020, 34(6): 1-7. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2020.06.001

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Japan attaches great importance to environmental diplomacy, in which there are a variety of agents involved, including government agencies, local governments, corporations, academic communities, NGOs/NPOs, and the general public. The multilevel agents can be observed in bilateral, multilateral and global environmental cooperation. Although there are limits, their participation in environmental diplomacy helps Japan achieve diverse national goals and improves global environmental cooperation.

Japan's Emergency Management Mechanism from the Perspective of COVID-19

CUI Yun-yi, LI Hao

2020, 34(6): 8-14. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2020.06.002

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In 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic became a worldwide public health crisis. The emergency management ability of governments around the world became the center of concern and was subject to test. Japan's emergency management mechanism is constantly enriched and formed by summing up the experience of previous major crisis events, and is characterized by “joint participation”. The emergency management measures of the Japanese government in the face of the epidemic situation show six characteristics: the central government and local autonomous bodies playing a leading role, timely improvement of the emergency management law, completing “selfrestraint” with the help of f nongovernmental forces, timely release of information, financial support policies, and guarantee of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system. At the same time, there are still some problems, such as the central government's failure, the backward means of reporting disaster information, and unreasonable allocation of medical resources.

Japan's Successful Experience in the Development of Smart Tourism Post-COVID-19 Era and the Dilemma of Japan's Choice

LI Bin 1, WANG Guan-yu 2

2020, 34(6): 15-23. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2020.06.003

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During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, smart tourism has been listed as an area of key development and active expansion. Research on smart tourism in Japan found that it has adopted measures such as using ICT technology to advance and develop smart sightseeing city projects, using network data to master tourist movement patterns, using tourist route information to control tourists' actions, and opening art tourism sites using social network. In addition, research on Hakodate, a typical city for smart tourism in Japan, found that it constructed SAVS Intelligent Traffic System and used it to support the development of smart tourism. Japan's many experiences in developing smart tourism offer useful lessons for our country.

The Impact of Innovation on Unemployment in Japan in the 1990s from the Perspective of Capital and China-Japan Relations

XU Yue-lei

2020, 34(6): 24-35. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2020.06.004

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Stabilizing employment is one of the important goals of macroeconomic regulation. Based on the theoretical framework of “Das Kapital”, this research analyzes the mechanism of how innovation influences unemployment, and tests it through cointegration analysis. The research results show that there was a positive correlation between Japanese innovation and unemployment in the 1990s. Innovation has not effectively reduced the unemployment rate. This shows that the increase in the overall capital organic composition of the industry and the negative effects of innovation leading to industrial upgrading have a greater effect on the unemployment rate than capital accumulation, new products, and new industries have. It provides certain enlightenment for China to strengthen the employment priority policy.

The Japanese Agricultural Crisis during the Great Depression from the Perspective of Policy Evolution and Motivation

MENG Ming-ming

2020, 34(6): 36-45. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2020.06.005

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Compared with European and American countries, Japan suffered the most severe damage during the Great Depression of the capitalist world in 1929, and the agriculture suffered the most. This agricultural crisis was not entirely caused by external shocks. Part of the Japanese government's economic policies before the outbreak of the crisis had a serious negative impact on agricultural development, making it a shortcoming in the economic system. After the crisis broke out, the government was affected by the growing fascist forces when dealing with agricultural issues. Instead of saving agriculture, the government's policies further accelerated the formation of an agriculturalcontrolled economic system aimed at war preparations. Through the analysis of this article, we can get a glimpse of the Japanese government's understanding of the position and role of the rural economy in the development of capitalism, and basic governance concepts. Some of these lessons are also beneficial to the modernization of developing countries.

Hara Takashi's Policy Towards Qing Dynasty Opposition Party Think Tank Construction ——Taking the Democratic Partys Think Tank Construction as an Example

CHEN Wei

2020, 34(6): 46-53. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2020.06.006

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Based on his understanding of Qing Dynasty during his tenure as consul in Tianjin, and with the gradual deepening of his understanding of Qing Dynasty, Hara Takashi published many editorials on the Qing Dynasty in the Osaka Daily News from 1897 to 1900. He focused on the understanding and views of the Qing Dynasty, and then put forward the policy towards Qing Dynasty.The Revolution of 1911 was the development and practice period of Hara Takashis policy towards Qing Dynasty. During this period, the practice of Hara Takashi's policy towards Qing Dynasty had become the origin of Hara Takashi and his cabinet's policy towards China during the first World War. The practice of Hara Takashi's policy towards Qing Dynasty had achieved some results, but at the same time, it inevitably suffered setbacks.As the premise and basis of his policy towards Qing Dynasty, his understanding of Qing Dynasty had effectively promoted the formation and development of his policy towards Qing Dynasty. And his policy towards Qing Dynasty from theory to practice was the final destination of his understanding of Qing Dynasty.

An Analysis of Japan’s Strategy in Africa and Its Influence from the End of the 19th Century to World War Ⅱ

ZOU Sheng-ying 1,ZHANG Xiao-gang 2

2020, 34(6): 54-80. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2020.06.007

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At the end of the 19th century, Japan began to have economic exchanges with Africa, and the leadership in business and politics put forward some strategic blueprints concerning how to develop African market as well as competing with European and American powers. The strategies included establishing a favorable image of Japan in Africa taking advantage of the conflicts among European powers, conducting promotions aiming at specific customer groups, and not arbitrarily intervening in the social problems in Africa. Such blueprints were not taken by Japanese government at the time as a complete set of diplomatic strategy, but still some of the ideas were considered as a prelude of Japans strategy in Africa after the Cold War. Combing through the development history of Japan's economic relationship during the end of the 19th century to the Second World, this paper summarizes the features of Japan's economic relationship with the colonies in Africa during this period based on the research on Africa conducted by both Japan's official and nongovernmental institutions, and the paper also analyzes the importance of these features in Japan's strategy in Africa after the Cold War.

Tsuda Umeko and Women's Higher Education in Modern Japan

HE Wei, LI Sheng-mei

2020, 34(6): 63-71. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2020.06.008

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As an advocator and practitioner of modern Japanese womens higher education, Tsuda Umeko devoted her whole life to the cause of education. She established Joshi Eigaku Juku（now Tsuda University）and provided vocational education for women to enhance their social status. Not only that, Umeko is committed to creating “all round women”, that is, to cultivate perfect women with professional skills and elegant character. In the field of womens education at that time, as a new common sense, a mainstream ideology and value orientation, the authority of “virtuous wife and good mother” type womens education was selfevident. From this perspective, Tsuda Umekos idea and practice of womens higher education were innovative and unique. As an explorer and pioneer in history, Tsuda Umeko tried to construct a harmonious relationship between the secular ideas and her own educational ideas, and promoted her own new educational thoughts through persistence and compromise.

Research on Standard Language Planning Issues under Japan's National Strategic Demand

WANG Lu 1,2

2020, 34(6): 72-80. DOI: 10.14156/j.cnki.rbwtyj.2020.06.009

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Language planning is a kind of human intervention and adjustment of language behavior, highlighting the developing trend of national strategy. In Meiji period, Japan not only achieved great development in the political, economic, and military fields. It also integrated the original heterogeneous multilingual language forms to build a unified national language, which laid a solid linguistic foundation for the rapid progress of Japan. In Japan's Constitution, there is no clear stipulation of the national status of Standard Language. But in the practice of social language, Standard Language performs the specific functions and enjoys the specific status of national language and official language. Standard Language, together with the national flag, national emblem and national anthem, constitutes the four symbolic elements of the existence of the Japanese state. This paper mainly examines the driving force of Japanese standard language planning from the dimensions of Japans national ideological needs, economic and colonial strategic needs, trying to reveal that standard language planning is actually a product of the development of Japanese national strategic needs. This is important for understanding the deep connection between Japanese national strategies and language planning.

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