Abstract: By measuring the economic growth quality indicators of 31 provinces in China and 47 counties in Japan, this paper explores the influences of technological innovation and aging on the quality of economic growth through sysgmm model. The main conclusions are as follows: firstly, for both China and Japan, technological innovation can effectively promote the quality of economic growth, and the aging of population has a negative impact on it; secondly, the interaction between technological innovation and population aging has positive influence on the quality of economic growth, and technological innovation can be used as a powerful measure to deal with the challenge of population aging. However, this impact is significant in the Japanese empirical sample, but not in the Chinese empirical sample. In view of these, China should learn from Japan, promote the health level of aged people, and encourage aged people to participate in social activities and return to work.

Key words: technological innovation, population aging, sysgmm, regional economy