关键词: 历史认识, 战犯抚恤, 恩给制度, 靖国神社, 战争记忆

Abstract: The military dependents pension is an important content of Japan’s militarism mobilization,it was once abolished after the defeat of Japan.After signing the San Francisco Peace Treaty,the Japanese government soon resumed veterans’ pensions and the salvage work to the nonwar criminals.Since the mid1950s,after several changes,Japanese government fully revived the military dependents pension that including the war criminals under the promotion of Japanese conservative groups,such as the Survivors Group,and the influence of “War Criminals Released Movement”.The “war criminals” was regarded as death in line of duty to get the pension no matter they died in prison or be punished,war criminals in prison were considered to be in service and had cumulative annuity,also could enjoy the “injury pension”.The Japanese government restored the pension of war criminals from the legislative level,have a profound influence on the reconstruction of war memory and the Japanese social cognition,also became the foundation of social consciousness which the ClassA war criminals enshrined at Yasukuni Shrine.

Key words: historical cognition, war criminals’ pension, grace system, Yasukuni Shrine, war memory