Abstract: At the time of Taikare Reform in the midseventh century, Japan established the Ritsuryo System, reclaimed land from the aristocracy to the state, as well as put Handenshuju into practice in order to alleviate class contradiction caused by land acquisition. During the era of Ritsuryo Japan, the form of land was land nationalization, but the right of the state to land was not land ownership but national public power that regulates the opposition between the aristocracy and the peasantry. Substantively, the land and the people were jointly owned by the upper class, and the land nationalization was just the external form of national public power for alleviating class contradiction.

Key words: the country with Ritsuryo System, land nationalization, national public power