Abstract: Japan is one of the important countries which participate in Official Development Assistance and is the real leader of Asian Development Bank. After half a century, Japan has already established a mature ODAADB Framework. Both as a donor country in the bilateral aid system and a leader in the multilateral bank system, Japan is chasing benefits and propelling strategies continually. Through analyzing its aid actions in South Asia,especially in India in recent years,we find that the two apparenty different aid forms are actually the same in guiding ideology.The beliefs and practices of Japan’s aid actions in South Asia reflect the characteristic of both belonging to the same value system.They also manifest Japan’s plans to expand its regional influence in politics and economy.

Key words: Official Development Assistance, Asian Development Bank, ODAADB Framework, South Asia Area