关键词: 冲绳, 社会运动, 美军基地, 政治过程理论

Abstract: Following the Battle of Okinawa in 1945, Okinawa endured 27 years of U.S. military occupation. During this period, local social movements exhibited distinctive characteristics of broad scale, sustained duration, and complex organizational structures. Analysis through the political process theory reveals that the primary drivers lay in the U.S. militarys dual governance model centered on military interests.This model suffered legitimacy crises across ideological, procedural, and performance dimensions. In practice, this model suppressed the space for local autonomy and deepened residents sense of relative deprivation, thereby fueling widespread and enduring social resistance. On this basis, Okinawan society gradually developed a protest network characterized by both breadth and institutional penetration through mechanisms such as embedding within the local autonomy framework, cross-class alliances, and flexible protest discourse strategies.The experience of Okinawas resistance not only provides an important example for understanding collective resistance in peripheral areas, but also provides a historical mirror for contemporary anti-base movements and local autonomy struggles.

Key words: Okinawa, social movements, U.S. military bases, political process theory